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  1. Scab of Apple

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/plpath-fru-23

    is caused by the fungus  Venturia inaequalis. In addition to apples, crabapples and mountain ash are ... leaves may drop prematurely resulting in unsightly trees, with poor fruit production. This early ... generally occurs in spring and early summer. The fungus survives the winter on diseased leaves that have ...

  2. Testing Protocols for Diseases Surveillance in Poultry

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/vme-32

    complicated process that can be different in different diseases and in different situations. In this article ... we will review the general principals of surveillance programs in poultry and extract the basic ... characteristics of any laboratory test dictate how it can be used in a surveillance program. Before we review the ...

  3. Cork Spot and Bitter Pit of Apples

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/plpath-fru-01

    those involving fungus infections or hail injury. Cork spot, bitter pit and Jonathan spot are similar in ... that damage to tissue occurs mostly on the surface and in cell tissue just below the surface. Although ... related to reduced calcium availability in the developing fruit. Cork spot commonly occurs on York ...

  4. Sand Bioreactors for Onsite Wastewater Treatment

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/aex-754

    bioreactor can be dispersed in a spray or drip irrigation system. If an off-lot discharge permit (NPDES ... is constructed in a water-tight basin to keep groundwater out of the sand. A plastic liner, similar ... to a swimming pool liner, is usually used to construct the basin. A drain is placed in a layer of ...

  5. Canning Tomato Products

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/HYG-5337

    Family and Consumer Sciences Canning tomato products can be easy and safe. Included in this fact sheet ... red, etc.) the same. Acidification To ensure safe acidity in whole, crushed or juiced tomatoes use the ... in all canned tomato products. Salt can be used for flavor or color protection. Processing Even ...

  6. Invasive Species Management: Common and Japanese Barberry

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/anr-0106

    Extension Non-native barberry (Berberis spp.) are invasive, shade-tolerant, deciduous woody shrubs found in ... North American landscapes in the1600s by European settlers. It escaped cultivation and spread throughout ... the northern United States. Common barberry poses a serious threat to grain production in the U.S. by ...

  7. Dangers of Substance Abuse

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/aex-79013

    balance and coordination. Drug and alcohol use, even in moderation, can seriously impair the ability to ...   Consumed in large amounts or over a long period of time, alcohol may cause damage to the liver, heart and ... • Working in the heat or cold. ◦ Working in the heat with dulled senses can increase the possibility of ...

  8. Farm to Health: Maximizing Nutrients and Phytonutrients in Ohio Produce

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/HYG-5581

    their combination of nutrients and phytonutrients likely play a role in preventing or delaying the ... to nutrients, omission of phytonutrients in the diet will not cause deficiency symptoms, but ... including them can have additional health benefits. Some examples include anthocyanins in berries, capsaicin ...

  9. Cicada Killer Wasp

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/ENT-63

    wasp occurs in the eastern and midwestern states of North America and southward into Central America. ... considered beneficial, and control is rarely needed except when wasps are present in unwanted areas. ... Identification Adult cicada killer male guarding territory. The cicada killer is one of the largest wasps in ...

  10. Sun Exposure (Protect Your Skin)

    https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/aex-79018

    Biological Engineering Gardeners work long hours, often outside in the sun during peak exposure hours. ... Rays Although they affect the skin in different ways, both UVA and UVB rays have been linked to skin ... size. For anyone working outside in the sun, it is important to check the skin on a regular basis for ...

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